Pdf the laser welding process for 304 stainless steel by pulsed and continuous co 2 laser,had been studied, where all of t,iz. Duplex stainless steel is used in diverse areas, such as, aerospace, marine, and fabrication industries. Diode laser welding of stainless steel 304l sciencedirect. In this paper stainless steelcopper laser welding was investigated by controlling the.
The present study has been done on laser welding of titanium and stainless steel aisi 304 to understand the interaction of these materials during laser welding at different laser power and welding speed which could yield different cooling rates. Heat transfer and fluid flow during laser spot welding of 304. Highpower disk laser beadonplate welding was performed on type 304 stainless steel or a5052 aluminium alloy plate at the powers of 10, 16 and 26 kw at various welding speeds under low vacuum. Thicksection laser and hybrid welding of austenitic stainless steels. Ryba introduction laser welding is sometimes used to weld dissimilar metals when other methods prove unsatisfactory. Welding gases for stainless steels using co2 lasers. In dissimilar laser welding, the high differences between melting points of. The materials subjected to laser welding were austenitic stainless steel aisi 304 and martensitic stainless steel aisi 420. A convenient and commonly used shorthand identifying the individual alloy within the austenitic stainless steel group is the astm system. Pdf laser welding of modified 12% cr stainless steel. Handheld fiber laser welding machine is applicable for all kinds of metals and various alloys, such as carbon steel, mold steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, zinc, gold, silver, chromium, nickel and other metal materials.
Laser beam welding of austenitic stainless steels similar. Sep 24, 2018 the present study has been done on laser welding of titanium and stainless steel aisi 304 to understand the interaction of these materials during laser welding at different laser power and welding speed which could yield different cooling rates. Gtaw the gtaw process, also known as the tig tungsten inert gas or wig wolfram inert gas process, is illustrated in the above figure. A numerical method for solving the laser welding problem of heating and melting is developed in the present investigation. Strength, fatigue, toughness, microstructure and corrosion properties. Highbrightness laser welding of thinsheet 316 stainless. Laser beam welding of austenitic stainless steels similar butt and dissimilar lap joints 99 examples of weld cross sections of type 304l steel made using different defocusing distances are shown in figure 6. Call our specialists for advice on welding dissimilar metal weld joints. Figure 2 is a simplified schematic representation of the three stages to laser generation. Standards mentioned include bsen1600 bsen12072 bsen12073 bsen760 bsen287 part1 approved testing of welders for fusion welding bsen288 part 3 welding procedure tests for the arc welding of steels.
In this study, an attempt on pulsedfiber laser welding on an austenitic duplex stainless steel butt joint configuration was investigated. Hot cracking of stainless steel due to laser welding. However, it has recently been shown that the narrow gap laser welding. By using a laser beam concentrated into a highintensity focused spot, laser welding offers many advantages over other more conventional welding processes. Pdf this paper presents the results of the experimental research regarding laser microwelding parameters for sealed stainless steel capsules. It is intended to cover common applications of the process. Calculations were done for both moving and stationary heat sources and for laser beam as well as arc welding. Second, its important to properly match filler metals with the material being welded. Overall, the laser hybrid process is ideal when the single components do not have clean and regular joining zones. Northerns trade secret laser welding process creates highquality welds, full penetration. Laser welding a laser beam can join metal in different ways it can join workpieces at the surface or create deep weld seams. Laser welding processes offer significant advantages such as high welding speed, narrow heat affected zone and quality of the welding joint.
Handheld fiber laser welding machine is widely used in various industries. A study on laser welding of titanium and stainless steel. Due to its versatile applications, laser welding is becoming very popular when it comes to stainless steel welding. Effect of laser welding on the mechanical properties aisi. Walsh materials science and metallurgy department, university of cambridge, england. It is based on keyhole or penetration mode welding. Minimization of the thermal impact in the laser welding of. The results showed that the above said input process parameters have strong influence on the resulting temperature profiles during laser welding of austenitic stainless steel sheet. They are the most easily weldable of the stainless steel family and can be welded by all welding processes, the main problems being avoidance of hot cracking and the preservation of corrosion resistance. Pdf laser welding of stainless steel capsules researchgate. Stainless steel 300 series welds well, except 303and 347. In laser welding there are only a few research papers published where the imc layer thickness is correlated with time and temperature.
The paper concerns with welding of copper to stainless steel. We have been developing our laser welding capabilities on steel and stainless steel fabrications since 2000. Welding stainless steel is not much different from that required in welding standard carbon steel, with a few exceptions. Welding laserarc hybrid welding of steels, nickel and nickel alloys quality levels for imperfections. Welding processes for stainless steel metal supermarkets.
Author links open overlay panel sonia meco a luis cozzolino a supriyo ganguly a stewart williams a norman mcpherson b. Fiber laser welding of dissimilar 2205304 stainless steel plates. Laser hybrid welding of stainless steel stainless structurals. A fabricator new to welding stainless steel would probably not need to invest in a different type of gas or delivery system. In this study, the process parameters of laser power and welding speed were modified for aisi 1018 steel plates of 8 mm thickness and compared using finite element method. Some studies on temperature distribution modeling of laser. Note that these stainless steels are not the stainless steels that generally first spring to mind. In resistance welding, lower current can be used because resistivity is higher. Numerical simulation of the laser welding of 2205 duplex. In this study, an attempt on pulsedfiber laser welding on an austeniticduplex stainless steel butt joint configuration was investigated. Yag laser welding of aisi 304 to aisi 420 stainless. Laser welding is a technique widely used in high volume industrial manufacturing as a method of joining metallic materials. Pdf fiber laser welding of aisi 304 stainless steel plates. Laser welding is a fast, unbalanced and complex process which requires a nonuniform heat transfer analysis.
Nine samples were realised during this study and the influence of the process parameters on to the geometry and microstructure of the weld bead is analysed. Acme 2016 study on laser welding of stainless steel besnea. This can also happen when mixing stainless steel alloys, which is why this method is the only one that works for duplex stainless steel. The feasibility to achieve deep penetration welding of stainless steel utilising a 15 kw laserline diode laser has been studied. Pdf the study of co2 laser welding for stainless steel. See also carbon steel, stainless steel, structural welding structural welding stud welding surfacing see also thermal spraying. Laser welding stainless steel provides slightly better weld penetration depths and increased weld speeds when compared to low carbon steels due to the lower thermal conductivity of most austenitic stainless steels. The best result in case of 0,5 mm stainless steel laser welding are obtained by using a.
Fine microwelding of thin stainless steel sheet by high. In laser welding, shielding gas should be carefully selected so that welding joints have an acceptable weld profile and weld quality. This series of stainless steel is suitable for both pulsed and continuous wave cw laser welding. In this study, the process parameters of laser power and welding speed were modified for aisi 1018 steel plates of 8 mm.
Or laser offers highly efficient stainless steel welding machines that can replace traditional welding techniques such as high frequency resistance, ultrasonic beam, submerged arc, rf induction and many others. Welding of ferritic martensitic stainless steels twi. It can also be combined with conventional welding processes, and can be used for soldering. Several laser welding tests were made using aisi 304 stainless steel in a butt joint configurations. Solidification behavior and cracking susceptibility of.
This paper investigates the laser welding of aisi 304 stainless steel thin sheets. Most manufacturers and fabricators have heard of the most traditional methods of welding steel. Narrow gap laser welding of 316l stainless steel for potential. Laser welding of dissimilar stainless steels is of interest when mechanical, corrosion, or esthetical requirements impose the use of a. Other fusion welding methods for stainless steels include plasma arc, electron beam, and laser. Estes 3d laser welding integrates experienced people and stateoftheart equipment for precision sheet metal. Nov 11, 2015 welding stainless steel is not much different from that required in welding standard carbon steel, with a few exceptions. Their evaluations of the welds led them to conclude that this is not a good weld structure. The process is frequently used in high volume applications using automation, as in the automotive industry.
Less welding heat is required to make a weld because the heat is not conducted away from a joint as rapidly as in carbon steel. This helps prevent warping and distortion when welding stainless steel. Pil has also a unique wavelength 15 nm that has not yet been tested for welding applications. Application of laser welding to stainless steel light rail. This was approached by first characterising the properties of melt run welds on stainless steel 304l plates and then transferring the gained knowledge to perform the butt welds. Lap joint laser welding of austenitic stainless steel thin.
Duplex stainless steel represents a class of stainless steels with dual microstructure consisting of approximately equal proportions of. The beam provides a concentrated heat source, allowing for narrow, deep welds and high welding rates. In 2003 ansaldobreda, a finmeccanica company operating in the rail vehicle transportation sector, and centro sviluppo materiali, an industrial research centre, started to investigate the possibility to apply laser technology to replace resistance spot welding process for stiffeners assembly on rail vehicle side panels. In all cases, the weld zone is protected from the atmosphere by a. Heat transfer and fluid flow during laser spot welding of. The welding of stainless steels 3 2 stainless steel welding processes 2. Stainless steels which require special welding procedures are discussed in later sections. The welding of stainless steels international stainless steel. In this work, the capabilities of pil for precision seam welding of 0. Duplex stainless steel represents a class of stainless steels with dual microstructure consisting of approximately equal proportions of ferrite and austenite phases. Metalcored arc welding, either with pulsed or standard spray methods, provides fast travel speeds that input less heat into the weld. Pdf disk laser welding of copper to stainless steel. First, you must exercise more care and control with regard to heating and cooling stainless steel.
Photolytic iodine laser pil, a new industrial laser in the market, offers much higher brightness than existing nd. Or laser offers highly efficient stainless steel welding machines that can replace traditional welding techniques such as high frequency resistance, ultrasonic beam, submerged arc. In laser welding between cooper and stainless steel a major problem is the appearance of hot cracking in heat affected zone of the steel, cracks induced by the diffusion of the copper into the grain boundaries of the unmelted steel. Stainless structurals has developed their own laser hybrid welding method to produce stainless steel profiles.